2 Corinthians: Christianity Is Personal (IX)

Cooperating With God, Commended To Men (6:1-13)

Neal Pollard

We remind ourselves that chapter breaks are an artificial addition inserted many centuries after the Bible books were written. This chapter is a prime example. Paul is drawing a conclusion in verse one based on what he’s said in 5:16-21. As God “appealed” to the Corinthians through Paul and Timothy (5:20), Paul makes an “appeal” to them not to receive God’s grace in vain (1)–another way of expressing the reconciliation process Paul has just detailed in the last several verses. As the messengers of this reconciliation and grace, Paul again sets out to defend their work and their motives.

He asserts, “We put no obstacle in anyone’s way, so that no fault may be found with our ministry” (3). We don’t know all the reasons why their ministry faced fault-finders, but most who actively serve the Lord will have plenty of detractors. Paul’s opponents resorted to some pretty nitpicking and petty criticisms (see 10:10). I have had the displeasure of hearing elders, deacons, other preachers, and church workers come under fire from self-appointed spiritual analysts, and it usually tells me more about the critic than the criticized. But how much good work has been unfairly tainted by hypercritical people? Moved by the Holy Spirit, Paul goes to the trouble to counter these unnamed “analysts.” 

THEY WERE EARNEST IN THEIR APPEAL (1-2)

Seeing themselves as God’s ambassadors (5:20), they urged the Corinthians not to throw away the great gift of salvation they had received (1). He quotes Isaiah 49:3, where Isaiah also feels like his words were falling on deaf ears and he himself was rejected (49:1-6), to remind them of how precious this salvation is (2). Paul is affirming that they were engaged in ministry to help the Corinthians successfully cross the spiritual finish line. It was urgent! They cared about them.

THEY WERE MINDFUL OF THEIR INFLUENCE (3-9)

In no other letter does Paul so specifically and so frequently refer to the price he paid for serving Christ (see also 4:8ff; 11:23ff; 12:10). He was mindful of not just his exhortation, but just as much his example. So they commend themselves “in every way” (4): he lists ten difficulties (4-5), nine spiritual attributes (6-7), and eight contrasting situations (8-10). They put their work and their character under the microscope, asking the Corinthians to consider their faithful discharge of their divine duty. They understood that souls and eternal destinies were at stake, so they pursued their work with great carefulness. We do well to be mindful of our example and our efforts to win people to Christ and help them mature in Him, too! 

THEY WERE GENUINE IN THEIR AFFECTION (11-13)

Paul was moved by more than his duty to God. He unashamedly declares his affection for these Christians. While he felt they had not always reciprocated his affections, he humbled himself to ask that they open their hearts as wide to him and he and his coworkers had to them. 

More times than I can count, I have seen elders serve from sincere motives, spending hours and expending emotion, to help a struggling brother or sister only to have these men’s love and motives unfairly questioned. The same is true of other, hardworking Christians. Our job is to strive to live above reproach knowing we will be unfairly criticized. It is also important for the critic to take personal inventory, asking if they have considered the spiritual consequences of their maligning. When we all decide to pull together and work for the same important goals, so much more gets accomplished! If you’ve faced unfair criticism, remember that God has a perfect record of your deeds. Even if others misunderstand, God doesn’t! 

2 Corinthians: Christianity Is Personal (VIII)

What Motivates Us To Share Christ (5:11-21)

Neal Pollard

Paul, who has been defending the work he and his fellow-laborers have been doing as servants of Christ, moves to the broader consideration of what should move us to share Him with others. Motivation is key to involvement. Often, when I see the importance of my personal involvement in spreading Christ to others, it will touch my heart and open my lips.  What motives should move us?

THE TERROR OF THE LORD (11)

This actually connects back to verse 10. There’s a great day coming, and all of us will be judged. If one is unprepared for that day, he or she should rightfully feel terrified. Knowing the terror facing those not ready to face Jesus, we persuade men. 

PERSONAL INTEGRITY (12-13)

Paul saw his involvement in reaching souls as a matter of personal integrity and honor. These spiritual servants shared Christ for God and for them (13). Soul-winning is our responsibility, and we should realize our character is at stake. 

THE LOVE OF CHRIST (14-16)

One of the most important and transforming truths is that Christ loves everyone. In fact, Paul says “the love of Christ controls us” (14). He proved that love by dying for all so that all could be reconciled (see 17-19). All are dead outside of Christ, but He can make men spiritually alive. That love for us and them should move us. 

THE TRANSFORMING POWER OF RECONCILIATION (17-19)

Anyone in Christ is a new creation (17). He reconciled us to Himself, and then gave us the ministry of reconciliation (18). He entrusted us with the message of reconciliation (19). We are offering people the ability to restore their relationship with God. Think of the peace, relief, and joy we can bring into people’s lives by offering them the hope of Christ!

OUR RESPONSIBILITY AS AMBASSADORS OF CHRIST (20)

God has given us the job of representing Him to men. He makes His appeal through us. We implore others on behalf of Christ to be reconciled. That doesn’t make us important, but it does mean our job could not be more important!

THE FACT THAT WE ARE MADE RIGHTEOUS IN HIM (21)

Christ is our substitute sacrifice, as He is for the people we need to reach. He makes us righteous through Himself. Knowing that God looks at a saved soul and sees purity and righteousness is powerful! That’s what He sees when He looks at us, covered in Christ. It’s what He sees when He looks at everyone covered in Christ. I want for others what I myself have been given!

This isn’t the totality of our motivation, but if this was an exhaustive list it would be enough! Suffice it to say that I don’t lack reasons for sharing my faith. The reasons are diverse, but each is significant by itself. Let’s pray for wisdom, courage, and tenderness of heart to be God’s voice and hands in reconciling the world to Him. 

If You See Something, Say Something

Landon Bryant

Most of us have probably heard this phrase at one time or another in our life’s journey. This slogan was originally coined by the New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority (NY MTA) in response to the 9/11 attacks. Later, it was adopted by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).

For many this slogan brings about feelings of patriotism, but for some there isn’t much meaning at all. Regardless of how this phrase rests on your eardrums it does get to the heart of a very key principle in Christianity. 

Responsibility. Each and every Christian has certain responsibilities. Collectively we can call these the base responsibilities of a member. Furthermore if in the course of your Christian walk you enter into a more specific “church role” you will acquire more responsibilities along the way. Teachers, Preachers, Deacons, Elders, etc. all have their own responsibilities to uphold for Christ’s church. 

For an easy illustration, if someone is teaching a Bible class and they stumble in that role, the church collectively has a responsibility to lift up that individual with love, patience, and gentle correction as shown in 2 Timothy 2:24-26:

“A servant of the Lord must not quarrel but must be kind to everyone, be able to teach, and be patient with difficult people. Gently instruct those who oppose the truth. Perhaps God will change those people’s hearts, and they will learn the truth. Then they will come to their senses and escape from the devil’s trap. For they have been held captive by him to do whatever he wants.” ESV

Or more succinctly in Ephesians 4:15: 

“Instead, speaking the truth in love, we will grow to become in every respect the mature body of him who is the head, that is, Christ.”

Speaking in a broad sense, many of those that make up the Lord’s Church have no problem with the “correction” aspect of these verses, but the “truth in love” bit is infinitely harder for many. I know I myself have certainly been guilty of this.  One of my base responsibilities as a member is to try and make amends with those whom I have been guilty of falling short with. This is referenced in numerous passages, James 5: 16 being only one of many. 

So I ask you now to reflect on what your roles and responsibilities are as a part of the Lord’s church. Are you a Member? Deacon? Preacher? Elder? Teacher?

Have you ever fallen short in your role? Of course you have! None of us is perfect. But go one level deeper. Even if you acknowledge your shortcomings, did you address the matter with whomever you were guilty? Even when you were factually or doctrinally correct, were you leading with love? Maybe you are the party that was wronged. If you are still harboring a grudge, you need to sort that out. It’s not about who apologizes first; it’s about the heart of everyone involved and only you and God know your heart. 

I’m not necessarily calling for us to go digging up every skelton we have in our respective closets, but we should attempt to bury the proverbial hatchets within our day-to-day walk. And if a specific instance has come to mind with this article, I might suggest starting there. The very fact that there are guidelines for gentle correction and rebuke means we should all be open to correction regardless of what role we occupy. 

But, as with many things in life, there is a bright side to this topic. Nowhere in the phrase “If you see something, say something” does that imply it has to be accusatory or complaining. If you see someone serving in their role who lets their light shine brightly, acknowledge that brother or sister. Don’t assume they already know, and don’t assume someone else will tell them. 

Have you ever noticed someone serving silently in the background for year on year and thought to yourself how wonderful their own personal ministry is? Don’t keep those thoughts to yourself. Tell them. Say a prayer for them. Give them a high five. Volunteer to help them out every once in a while. 

Maybe you have been sitting on the sideline pews and you have been toying with the idea of teaching a class, leading a devotional, volunteering to cook a meal, host a get together, etc. We can all use our talents to glorify God in various ways. 

Wherever you find yourself in your Christian walk, reflect on your shortcomings, reflect on your successes, even your middle grounds, in general where can you improve? Have you left anything undone? Is something weighing on you?

In closing, I again ask you very explicitly to recall a time where you fell short in your current role, recall a time where you fulfilled your responsibilities adequately. Romans 3: 23 tells us that we all sin and fall short of the glory of God, so each and everyone of us has something to think about in both a negative and positive light here. Take those reflections and apply them to your walk going forward. 

2 Corinthians: Christianity Is Personal (VII)

Rewards Of Faithful Service (4:16-5:10)

Neal Pollard

After discussing the kind of servants who are useful to God, Paul shifts to what God does for those who faithfully serve Him. We could make the case that God is to be served simply because He is God, but as the Bible reveals the nature of God it shows Him to be a good, giving, and gracious God. As you cannot out-give God, neither can your service exceed His compensation. Paul shifts to what faithfulness to God brings into our life. 

WE WILL BE CLOTHED WITH A NEW BODY (4:16-5:4)

It can be discouraging to try and serve the Lord even as time and age begin to ravage our bodies. We face the inevitable ravages of the calendar, but Paul shares good news. We look past the decay and affliction to the eternal glory that awaits us. Our inward man can get stronger and better the longer we faithfully serve God. Yet, we long for the time when we have a new body and a new dwelling place with God. God promises that mortality will be swallowed up by life (4). Paul has described this amazing transformation in the first letter (cf. 1 Cor. 15). This reward should spur us on to keep serving until we fold our tent (1). 

WE RECEIVE COURAGE IN THE HOPE OF GOD (5:5-8)

God doesn’t just point us to future reward; He gives us present hope. Twice, Paul says we are of good courage (6,8). Why? First, God has given us the Spirit as a pledge (5). Second, God has given us His Word which causes us to walk by faith and not by sight (7). Third, God has promised us a home with Him (8). That hope gives me courage, no matter what I may have to face between now and then. He equips me with everything I need to spiritually survive. 

WE HAVE CONFIDENCE FOR THE FUTURE (5:9-10)

We want to please Him because we know what is ahead. Going before the judgment seat of Christ would frankly be horrifying if not for God’s promise through Christ. Standing before Him and giving an account for my deeds in the body, I can have confidence because I faithfully served Him. Jesus took the fear out of the judgment, and Paul is about to explain why in the next paragraph. 

How often do we get tired and discouraged, trying to live the Christian life in a world disinterested in that? What will keep us moving, doing His will? Focus on the reward, the hope, and the judgment. In Christ, the best is definitely yet to come. 

Thirsting for God

Brent Pollard

In Judah’s dry and barren wilderness, David composes one of the Bible’s most stirring and heartfelt expressions of spiritual yearning. Psalm 63 is a profound meditation of the soul’s thirst for the living God. David’s use of vivid imagery and passionate language in Psalm 63 exemplifies all who seek to draw closer to the Lord, showcasing the depths of his longing.

The psalm opens with David’s earnest cry: “O God, You are my God; I shall seek You earnestly; My soul thirsts for You, my flesh yearns for You, In a dry and weary land without water.” (Psalm 63.1 NASB). David’s intense yearning for God’s presence mirrors the desperation of physical thirst in a desert.

This longing echoes the Israelites’ experience wandering in the wilderness when they complained to Moses, “Why, now, have you brought us up from Egypt, to kill us and our children and our livestock with thirst?” (Exodus 17:3). 

David finds relief for his parched soul in the oasis of God’s power and glory, contrasting it with the dry and weary landscape of the Israelites. He repeatedly mentions God’s name (“O God…my God”), demonstrating his unshakeable recognition and relationship with the Almighty. His thirst is quenched by witnessing God’s manifest attributes in the holy place.

In Exodus 33.18, Moses expressed his desire to see God’s glory, which foreshadowed the coming of Jesus Christ, the radiance of God’s glory, as mentioned in Hebrews 1.3. Jesus promised in John 4.10 that whoever drinks the water He gives them will never thirst again, as stated in John 4:14.

David continues: “Because Your lovingkindness is better than life, My lips will praise You.” (Psalm 63:3). The psalmist praises God’s covenant love, superior to physical life. We love, because He loved us first. (1 John 4:19)

With hands raised in joyful blessing (Psalm 63.4), David declares: “My soul is satisfied as with marrow and fatness” (Psalm 63.5). Unlike his ancestors, who had physical abundance but spiritual emptiness, David had tasted and seen that the Lord is good (Psalm 34.8). He feasted on the Bread of Life (John 6.35) and had his deepest hunger divinely fulfilled.

Even in the night watches, a time of spiritual dryness for many, David reflects on his Beloved: “When I remember You on my bed, I meditate on You in the night watches” (Psalm 63.6). The darkness holds no fear because “the Lord is my light” (Psalm 27.1), dispelling the gloom and igniting songs of joyful praise (Psalm 63.7).

David models wholehearted devotion by clinging to God as his help and rejoicing in the shadow of the Almighty’s wings (Psalms 63:7-8). His vivid depiction of pursuing hard after God (Psalm 63.8) recalls Jacob’s fervent wrestling with the Divine (Genesis 32.22–32). Both David and Jacob emerge wounded yet holding tightly to their heavenly Companion, the One whose presence alone can quench the longings of the human soul.

Psalm 63 is a timeless expression of spiritual hunger and holy satisfaction found only in God. From the barren landscapes of wilderness wanderings to the urban deserts of modern faith, the words of the psalmist beckon all who thirst to come to the waters (Isaiah 55.1). The path leads to Christ, the fountain of living waters (Jeremiah 2.13; John 7.37-39). Will you drink deeply from His heart of steadfast love?

2 Corinthians: Christianity Is Personal (VI)

Who God Uses In His Service (4:1-18)

Neal Pollard

It is easy for us to think that only the super-spiritual, seemingly-perfect can be effective, but the opposite is true. None of us is too spiritual or perfect, though we should always be striving to be better and do more for the One who gave everything to save us. Paul is continuing his discussion about the ministry he and his co-workers have. As he does, he speaks candidly about himself and them–the messengers. As Christians charged with carrying out the Great Commission, we should all put ourselves in his shoes and understand better who God uses in His service. 

GOD USES PEOPLE OF INTEGRITY (1-4)

Character does not demand perfection, but it does require a conscience shaped by Scripture and a heart softened by it. This leads one to stay encouraged no matter what is encountered (1). It also leads to honesty and trustworthiness (2). We will conduct our lives righteously, and we will handle God’s Word faithfully. People can trust who we are and, thus, what we say. We may be rejected by the spiritually blind, but we won’t be a roadblock to their faith. 

GOD USES PEOPLE OF HUMILITY (5-7)

Paul gives a helpful reminder. It’s not about us, it’s about Christ. He’s the source of light, glory, and power. We’re the plain, fragile pottery God uses to demonstrate His surpassing greatness. 

GOD USES PEOPLE OF DURABILITY (8-12)

To be His servants, we have to weather storms. Those storms may be those we would avoid if we didn’t serve Him, but we understand the importance of our mission. We won’t let affliction, perplexities, persecution, and threats keep us from doing His work! God does not need spiritual sissies in His service. We draw our courage and strength from Him, and it causes Him to shine out through us!

GOD USES PEOPLE OF STABILITY (13-15)

What causes us to be stable? Faith! Because we are truly convicted of the truth, we cannot help but speak. We have faith in the reality of the resurrection, so we teach and share the message that brings grace to more and more people. This leads more people to give thanks to God and causes God to be glorified.

If I want to be a faithful servant of Jesus, I need to watch my personal conduct, lower myself, endure, and be trustworthy. That does not require perfection, but it does require dedication! But God depends on imperfect people like you and me! We cannot let Him down. 

The Questions of Christ

Carl Pollard

It’s always refreshing to spend time with young children. Often, we as adults aren’t always willing to be honest. No worries about that with young kids; they are brutally honest. If you ask a small child, “How do I look?,” you will get the truth. Emily’s nephew, when he was around 3-4, came up to me while I was sitting on the couch and asked why my stomach moved so much when I laughed. It wasn’t an insult; he was genuinely curious. You’re going to get the honest truth from the young, and maybe that’s not such a bad thing! 

If you spend any amount of time with children, you’ll also be guaranteed to get a million questions. 

“What’s this?” “Why?” Our cousin, when he was younger, would ask “why?” to every thing you said. But everything is new and unknown to a child. Asking questions is how they learn! This is something worth imitating. Never stop asking questions, as questions are how we grow! That’s one thing you’ll never hear a know it all do: ask a question. Especially in our spiritual lives, we must never stop asking questions. 

In His ministry, Jesus was always asking questions. These were asked not out of ignorance, but because His questions got those listening to think. His questions made people confused, angry, sad, curious, and excited. These questions are worthy of our attention as we try to answer some personally, that He asked His followers. 

“Why are you afraid?” 

“Why do you call me good?” 

“Where is your faith?” 

Each of these need answering on a personal level. Jesus’ natural response when confronted was to ask a question. If He were to look at your personal life, what questions would He ask? He sees your faith now, and there are questions we need to answer. 

Christ sees our hearts, He knows our thoughts, He watches our daily actions. 

What would the Son of God ask of me? 

If you were to count every question posed by Jesus from start to finish you’d find around 307. Why? Why so many questions? Perhaps, it’s because when we ask ourselves questions, we grow. And Jesus is solely concerned about our spiritual growth. 

When we ask ourselves questions, or we read a question from Jesus, we are forced to ponder the answer. Why DO I call the Lord good? Where IS my faith? Why AM I afraid? 

Asking the right questions is everything. 

Answering the perfect questions of Christ is essential if we are going to grow in our faith. 

“Who Do You Say That I Am?” (Matthew 16:15)

In the verses leading up to this point Jesus asks His disciples who the people think He is. The apostles begin answering with some of the things they have heard the people say. “Some say you’re John the Baptist. Others say Elijah or Jeremiah. Some say you’re a prophet.” There were many who acknowledged the Lord’s power and wisdom. 

His miracles were too blatant to ignore, so that even the Pharisees acknowledged He was a miracle worker. The people heard Him teach, they saw His interactions with the sick, the blind, the possessed. Their conclusion? He is a prophet! 

In verse 15, Jesus narrows the focus. His first question was broad, concerned with how everyone saw Him. Notice what He asks next: “But who do YOU say that I Am?” Who you believe Jesus is can only be answered by YOU. 

Many in our culture believe Jesus existed, but He was just a good teacher, a wise man, or a prophet. Many in our part of the country even believe that He is the Son of God. 

But who do YOU say that He is? Our personal view of Christ determines how much we will take what He says seriously. 

Who is Christ to you? Do you truly believe in Him? Peter responds in verse 16 with the answer we should all have for this question. 

“You are the Christ (anointed one), the Son of the Living God.” This is the only right answer. If we are unable to grasp the implications of this statement, we may need to spend more time in God’s word. The fact that Jesus is the Son of God is the SOLE reason we have eternal life. Many will go their entire life claiming to believe Jesus is the Son of God, but never live as though this were true. 

Who do You say that Christ Is? 

2 Corinthians: Christianity Is Personal (V)

From Letters To Ministries To Veils (3:1-18)

Neal Pollard

Apparently due to unnamed critics who were trying to condemn the work Paul and his co-workers were doing, Paul feels the need to defend it. Paul felt it worthwhile to “stoop” to this because the spiritual well being of this church meant that much to him. He was an inspired writer and Spirit-led apostle, so his work must be accomplished. But make no mistake about it, the power was not in Paul and his fellow-laborers; it was in the message and the One responsible for it. 

LETTERS OF RECOMMENDATION (1-3)

We all have benefited from someone giving us a good recommendation for a job, scholarship, or award. Such apparently had a place in the ancient world, too, but Paul calls the Corinthians his letter of recommendation. Their faith and faithfulness were sufficient proof of the quality work Paul and the others had done. It was proof positive that God was at work through these missionaries (2). The “letter” was written on their hearts. 

MINISTERS OF SUFFICIENCY (4-9)

Paul shifts his illustration from a figurative epistle written on by the apostle’s work to their actual work as servants of God. While Paul’s use of the word “minister” includes the idea of preaching and teaching the gospel, his point is that they were servants of God and the Corinthians. They were serving by sharing Christ with these Christians. Paul makes the point that their success and sufficiency was because of Christ in them, not because of them (4-6). They didn’t gauge success necessarily by the response people had to their teaching, but whether or not they faithfully shared it. He contrasts their work with the work done under the first covenant. As glorious as was the word that came to Moses on Sinai, the ministry of the Spirit is more glorious and righteous (8-9). 

VEIL OF MOSES (10-18)

Paul transitions to a third word picture in this discussion. When Moses received the ten commandments, he had to wear a veil to shield the Israelites from the physical glory and brightness that he possessed after being with God. You may remember that despite this demonstration, they managed to be hardhearted and did not have the faith to conquer Canaan in their generation. Paul then says that Jews who refused to leave the Old Law for Christ were in the same predicament as their Old Testament counterparts. But now the veil is over their own eyes and is only taken away when they believe the gospel of Christ. When one does remove the veil, there is freedom and transformation (17-18).

How does this apply to us today? Believe it or not, it’s very practical. First, we need to remind ourselves that we shouldn’t fear criticism or the unrighteous judgment of others as we seek to serve God. Influence others and their faithfulness will testify to our good work. We also remind ourselves that any and all success we have in saving souls and strengthening saints is because of God’s power and not ours. While we may not be trying to convince Jews to leave the Old Law, we are trying to help people with spiritual blinders on to remove whatever it is in order to see Christ. When they do, they will be free and transformed! We should let that motivate us!

Don’t Be Hating

Gary Pollard

What is hate? In the New Testament, hate is μισεω (miseo) and has a few definitions. According to one of the best Greek-English lexicons out there, it can mean “anything from ‘disfavor’ to ‘detest’ depending on its context” (BDAG, μισεω). In other words, it doesn’t necessarily have to mean complete detestation. 

“Hate” is kind of a loaded word today. It’s been hijacked by activists seeking to condone depravity. It’s been a little watered-down as a result. 

Any rational person would understand if we hated someone for good reason. Our justice system has divided homicide into categories at least partially for that reason. They’re all wrong, but some forms of hatred are more understandable than others. 

That’s human thinking. The short version is that it is always wrong to hate anyone for any reason (Mt 5.43ff). What about terrorists who target civilians and use them as human shields? They are our enemies. What are we supposed to do for our enemies? Love them, pray for them (5.44). God brings justice on his terms. A soldier fighting these groups may well be that instrument of justice (cf. Rom 13.4). But most of us aren’t soldiers. That’s just an example, so apply this (minus the soldier part) to illegal immigrants, to the sexually depraved indoctrinating our children in public education, to the Federal managerial state destroying our country, and to any other group/movement/individual we might hate because of their behavior and worldview. 

It can be extremely difficult to do (speaking from personal experience here), but God demands perfection in this context — we have to love our enemies, we have to pray for our enemies. We don’t usually select random people as targets of our hatred. We usually have good cause! That doesn’t excuse a poor view of even the worst of people. God will deal with them, our job is to love and pray for them. 

Finally, our church family is never, ever, ever a place for hatred. Hatred (μισεω, BDAG) means “having a strong aversion to” or “to disfavor” (instead of giving preferential treatment). We’ll end by letting God speak for himself: 

“We know that we have left death and have come into life. We know this because we love each other. Anyone who does not love is still in death. Anyone who hates a fellow believeris a murderer. And you know that no murderer has eternal life” (I Jn 3.14-15). 

Typology: There’s More To The Story

Dale Pollard

We know that the water can be metaphorically muddied rather quickly when there are countless faulty interpretations of books like Revelation, Daniel, Ezekiel, Isaiah, and other prophetic or apocalyptic literature. Typology is another misunderstood, and often misapplied, method of Bible study. I’m convinced that if we can spend some time studying the different “types” found in scripture, we can see God’s message for mankind more clearly and have a more profound grasp of His Word. This also happens to be a great way to grow our knowledge of scripture more quickly! 

 So first, let’s try to clarify exactly what typology is. Summed up in one sentence it’s, “referring to Old Testament things which are prefigured or symbolized by events and characters of the New Testament.”  

This may sound a little confusing, but let’s look at a few examples. 

 John 3:14: just as Moses lifted up the snake in the wilderness, so son of man must be lifted up. (Ref. Numb. 21:9) The Christ “type” is the bronze serpent; we know because of a specific New Testament reference. 

 1 Peter 3:20: “…God waited patiently in the days of Noah while the ark was being built, only a few people, 8 in all were saved through water,” this illustrating how in the same way baptismal water saves those who submit to Christ today. 

 Typology is not some mystic Bible code where we are free to translate events and characters in scripture as we please because God tells us exactly what He intended to say. 1 Corinthians 14:33 says that God is NOT the “author of confusion.” He has a message for us all— and it’s a message of hope.